TIN - TININE

<body topmargin=0 leftmargin=0 marginheight=0 marginwidth=0> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0><tr> <td valign="top" colspan=2 height=58 BGCOLOR="#006699" TEXT="#080000"> <div> <B> <TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="753" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="BOX" RULES="ALL" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 29 WIDTH="751"><div> <FONT SIZE="1" COLOR="#006699" FACE="Arial" ><B>  </B></FONT> <A HREF="index.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="ATOMIC ELEMENTS"><U>TO THE PERIODIC TABLE</U></A>      <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><B>ATOMIC ELEMENTS</B></FONT><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#006699" FACE="Arial" ><B> </B></FONT><FONT SIZE="1" COLOR="#006699" FACE="Arial" ><B>|</B></FONT></div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 14 ><NOBR><div> <A HREF="group_16.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="GROUP 16"><U>GROUP 16</U></A>   |   <A HREF="carbon_data.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="CARBON"><U>CARBON</U></A>   |   <A 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HREF="tin_tinine_data_m.htm#human_uses" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="TIN TININE"><U>HUMAN USES</U></A></div> </td> <td valign="top" height=422 BGCOLOR="#FFFFCC" TEXT="#080000"> <div> <B> </B><B>TIN - TININE</B></div> <div> <B>SOFT SILVER OR GREY </B></div> <div> <B>PLATING & ALLOY METAL </B></div> <div> <B> <TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="5" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="437" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="BOX" RULES="ALL" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" BGCOLOR=#00FFFF > <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 94 ><NOBR><div> WHITE TININE</div> <div> DENSITY @ 20°C =  7<B>.</B>28 gcc</div> <bR> <div> HARDNESS</div> <div> IN DURONS   =   1,645 dur</div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> MELTING POINT </div> <div> TEMPERATURE   =   232°C</div> <bR> <div> BOILING  POINT</div> <div> TEMPERATURE   =    2260°C</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> </TABLE></B></div> <bR> <div> <TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="5" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="439" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="BOX" RULES="ALL" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP BGCOLOR=#00FFFF HEIGHT= 113 ><NOBR><div> TININE IS A MIXTURE OF TEN STABLE ISOTOPES</div> <div> EACH BOND WITHIN 1.7°C OF EACH OTHER.</div> <div> THE LIGHTER FOUR,  WORK WELL, AS SEMI-CONDUCTORS.</div> <div> THE MIDDLE TWO, WORK WELL, AS LIGHT FILAMENT, ALLOY METALS.</div> <div> THE NEXT HEAVIER TWO, WORK WELL, AS CAPACITOR ELEMENTS.</div> <div> THE HEAVIEST TWO, WORK BEST, FOR ELECTRO-PLATING & DIP PLATING.</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 14 WIDTH="427"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="14" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="427" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP BGCOLOR=#00FFFF HEIGHT= 56 ><NOBR><div> <B>SOURCES</B></div> <div> TININE, IS EXTRACTED FROM, THE ORE, CASSITERITE FOUND IN, </div> <div> AUSTRALIA, BRAZIL, INDONESIA, KENYA, MALAYSIA, NIGERIA,USSR.</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 14 WIDTH="427"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="14" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="427" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP BGCOLOR=#00FFFF HEIGHT= 56 ><NOBR><div> <B>COSTS</B></div> <div> TININE PRICES VARY, UPON THE DENSITY AND PURITY.</div> <div> AS OF 2004 TININE COSTS, $0.57 A KILO $0.26 A POUND</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 14 WIDTH="427"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="14" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="427" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP BGCOLOR=#FFCC99 HEIGHT= 264 ><NOBR><div> <B>INDUSTRIAL USES OF PURE TININE</B></div> <div>  61% IS USED, TO PLATE, THE INSIDE OF METAL CANS.</div> <div>  12% IS USED, IN BRONZE ALLOYS, WITH COPPRE & CADMION.</div> <div>    9% IS USED, IN FLORESCENT LIGHTING, FIXTURE WIRING.</div> <div> 5.8% IS USED, IN THE WIRES, OF AUTOS & TRUCKS.</div> <div>    4% IS USED, IN HARD SOLDERS, WITH LEAD AND TININE.</div> <div> 3.2% IS USED, IN CALCULATOR MACHINE CONTACTS & CAST WIRES.</div> <div> 1.8% IS USED, IN GADOLION-TININE PLATED ALUMON WIRING, IN PLANES</div> <div> 1.4% IS USED, IN LIGHT TRUCK, TITANION-TININE WHEEL CASTINGS.</div> <div> 1.2% IS USED, IN THE CAST METAL, TYPE FACE LETTERS,</div> <div>           THAT ARE USED, IN LARGE PRINTING PRESSES.</div> <div>  0.6% IS USED, IN PHONE COMPANY, SWITCHING EQUIPMENT.</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 15 WIDTH="427"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="15" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="427" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP BGCOLOR=#FFCC99 HEIGHT= 157 ><NOBR><div> TININE HALIDE NON-ANALINE COLORANTS</div> <div> CREATED FROM, THE LIGHTER ISOTOPES, OF TININE,</div> <div> ARE USED IN ULTRA VIOLET, LIGHT RESISTANT INKS </div> <div> FOR LARGE DIGITAL PRINTERS.</div> <div> THE DISPENSERS, HAVE BEEN ENGINEERED, TO PREVENT, </div> <div> CONTACT OF THE TININE CONTAINING INKS, ON WORKERS' SKIN.</div> <div> THE HEAVIER ISOTOPES, ARE SOLD, FOR DIP PLATING,</div> <div> OR OTHER, SAFE INDUSTRIAL USES.</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 15 WIDTH="427"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="15" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="427" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP BGCOLOR=#FFCC99 HEIGHT= 112 ><NOBR><div> HISTORY BOOKS </div> <div> DESCRIBE, THE MANY OTHER USES, OF TININE PRODUCTS,</div> <div> IN THE LAST CENTURY, HOWEVER, IN THIS CENTURY,</div> <div> THE USE OF TIN COMPOUNDS, HAS BEEN ALMOST TOTALLY, STOPPED,</div> <div> AND ITS USE, AS A FOOD CONTAINER PLATING MATERIAL,</div> <div> HAS BEEN REDUCED, BY 25% IN THE LAST 8 YEARS.</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 15 WIDTH="427"><div>  <A NAME="human_uses"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP BGCOLOR=#FFFF33 HEIGHT= 137 ><NOBR><div> <B>HUMAN USES OF TININE </B></div> <div> IN 1998 DOCTORS IN GLASGOW, SCOTLAND </div> <div> DISCOVERED, THAT THE USE OF, STANNOUS CLORIDE TOOTH PASTE,</div> <div> WAS LEADING TO, MALE SEXUAL MALFUNCTIONS.</div> <div> THEY BEGAN TO STUDY, THE EFFECT OF ALL STANNOUS COMPOUNDS,</div> <div> ON MEN &  WOMEN, BETWEEN 36 & 48 AND IN MANY TEENAGERS.</div> <div> THE RESULTS OF THE FIRST 4 YEARS OF STUDY HAVE INDICATED,</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 15 WIDTH="427"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="15" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="427" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP BGCOLOR=#FFCC99 HEIGHT= 52 ><NOBR><div> THAT MEN WHO DRANK A LITER OF BEER A DAY, </div> <div> and USED A TOOTH GEL, WITH STANNOUS FLUORIDE, </div> <div> HAD CANCERIOUS GROWTHS, IN THEIR BRAIN AND HAD HEART CYSTS.</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 15 WIDTH="427"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="15" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="427" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP BGCOLOR=#FFCC99 HEIGHT= 34 ><NOBR><div> MEN, WHO DRANK COCA-COLA AND USED, A MOUTH WASH, </div> <div> WITH STANNOUS IODIDE, SUFFERED EYE LENS PROBLEMS</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 15 WIDTH="427"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="15" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="427" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP BGCOLOR=#FFCC99 HEIGHT= 34 ><NOBR><div> WOMEN WHO USED, STANNOUS BROMIDE, FEMALE DOUCHES,</div> <div> SUFFERED FROM, BREAST LIPOMAS.</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 15 WIDTH="427"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="15" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="427" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP BGCOLOR=#FFCC99 HEIGHT= 34 ><NOBR><div> WOMEN, WHO USED, STANNOUS FLORIDE, MOUTH WASHES, </div> <div> BEFORE THEIR MENSTRAL CYCLE, SUFFERED FROM, KIDNEY STONES. </div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 14 WIDTH="427"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="14" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="427" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP BGCOLOR=#FFCC99 HEIGHT= 52 ><NOBR><div> AS A RESULT, OF THIS RESEARCH, THE MAJOR MANUFACTURERS,</div> <div> OF TOOTH GELS AND PASTES, BEGAN TO REDUCE, THE PERCENTAGE,</div> <div> OF STANNOUS IODIDE, IN THEIR PRODUCTS, IN MANY NATIONS.</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 18 WIDTH="427"><div>  <A NAME="agro_hazards"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP BGCOLOR=#99FF99 HEIGHT= 57 ><NOBR><div> <B>AGRICULTURAL HAZARDS</B></div> <div> TININE CONTAINING STONES, <FONT SIZE="1" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >TEND TO DEVELOP, LICHEN,</FONT></div> <div> AND INHIBIT, THE GROWTH OF MELONS, ORANGES & POTATOES.</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 14 WIDTH="427"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="14" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="427" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP BGCOLOR=#99FF99 HEIGHT= 54 ><NOBR><div> MANY TYPES OF CATTLE,<FONT SIZE="1" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > WILL NOT REPRODUCE,</FONT></div> <div> ON LAND, THAT CONTAIN, CASSITERITE, TININE ORE STONES,</div> <div> OR TININE SULFIDES (STANNIC SULFIDES) IN THEIR ROCKS.</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 15 WIDTH="427"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="15" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="427" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP BGCOLOR=#99FF99 HEIGHT= 150 ><NOBR><div> WEST AFRICA <FONT SIZE="1" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >CONTAINS MORE TIN, THAN ANYWHERE, IN THE WORLD,</FONT></div> <div> IT IS ALSO, THE MOST DIFFICULT PLACE, TO BREED CATTLE, </div> <div> OR GROW CHICKENS, THAT PRODUCE HEALTHY EGGS.</div> <div> HOWEVER, WHEN UNITED NATIONS WORKERS,</div> <div> CLEARED THEIR OWN LANDS, OF TININE ORE WASTES,</div> <div> LEFT BY MURDOCK DIRECTED, CAPITALIST CORPORATIONS,</div> <div> THEY WERE ABLE, TO PRODUCE LARGE BROWN EGGS, </div> <div> AND GROW HEALTHY CHICKENS, AS WELL AS, IN FRANCE & THE USA</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 15 WIDTH="427"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="15" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="427" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP BGCOLOR=#99FF99 HEIGHT= 73 ><NOBR><div> THE MEAT OF ANIMALS<FONT SIZE="1" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >, CATTLE AND POULTRY,</FONT></div> <div> GROWN ON LANDS, THAT RECEIVE RUN-OFF </div> <div> FROM TININE MINING TILLINGS OR FOUNDRY WASTES,</div> <div> SOURS, AS SOON AS, IT IS CUT.</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 15 WIDTH="427"><div>  <A NAME="tinine_s_name"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP BGCOLOR=#FFCC99 HEIGHT= 94 ><NOBR><div> <B>TININE & THE UNITED NATIONS</B></div> <div> TININE IS ONE OF THOSE, ATOMIC ELEMENTS,</div> <div> THAT HAS, A VERY DIFFERENT NAME, IN EACH COUNTRY,</div> <div> TIN, STANNUM, ESTANO, ESTANAO, ESTRIN, MUORDIN,</div> <div> BUDINE, AND VERONINE ARE BUT A FEW OF THEM.</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 15 WIDTH="427"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="15" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="427" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP BGCOLOR=#FFCC99 HEIGHT= 73 ><NOBR><div> THE UNITED NATIONS COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION</div> <div> A COMMITTEE, CREATED TO AID, THE DEVELOPING NATIONS,</div> <div> TEACH WORKERS, THE NAMES, OF THE ATOMIC ELEMENTS, </div> <div> THE ORES AND NECESSARY CHEMICAL TERMINOLOGY.... AND,</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 15 WIDTH="427"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="15" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="427" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP BGCOLOR=#FFCC99 HEIGHT= 93 ><NOBR><div> THE UNITED NATIONS COMMITTEE ON NOMENCLATURE,</div> <div> A COMMITTEE, ESTABLISHED TO SIMPLIFY, THE COMPLEX NAMES,</div> <div> OF THE RAW MATERIALS,  SOLD IN INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE, </div> <div> REQUESTED, THE THAT ALL, THE ATOMIC ELEMENTS,</div> <div> HAVE A SHORT, SIMPLE, EASY TO SPELL NAME.</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 15 WIDTH="427"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="15" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="427" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP BGCOLOR=#FFCC99 HEIGHT= 131 ><NOBR><div> THEY SAID, THE SIMPLIED NAME,  </div> <div> SHOULD BE MADE OF, NOT MORE THAN TWO SYLLABLES, </div> <div> OR AT MAXIMUM THREE, BUT WITHOUT ANY DOUBLE LETTERS,</div> <div> OR COMBINED SOUND LETTERS, SUCH AS,</div> <div>  AE, CH,  PH,  RH,  TH,  XY,  UO, IU </div> <div> AND WITHOUT ANY  LETTERS SUCH AS XE AND YT,</div> <div> THAT ARE NOT PRONOUNCED AS THEY ARE NORMALLY SPOKEN. </div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 15 WIDTH="427"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="15" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="427" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP BGCOLOR=#FFCC99 HEIGHT= 34 ><NOBR><div> AFTER REVIEW, BY THE BOARD OF REGENTS OF IUPAC </div> <div> and THE ADVISORY COUNCIL OF AFRICAN AND ASIAN WORKERS </div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 15 WIDTH="427"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="15" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="427" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP BGCOLOR=#FFCC99 HEIGHT= 34 ><NOBR><div> THE NAME <FONT SIZE="1" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" >TININE, </FONT>WAS SELECTED, TO REPLACE,</div> <div> ALL THE OTHER NAMES, FOR TIN-STANNUM COMPOUNDS.</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 15 WIDTH="427"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="15" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="427" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP BGCOLOR=#FFCC99 HEIGHT= 73 ><NOBR><div> THE 2 LETTER SYMBOL TN OR THE 3 LETTER  SYMBOL <FONT SIZE="1" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" >TIN</FONT>,</div> <div> WAS RECOMMENDED AT THE SAME TIME, TO REPLACE </div> <div> THE ATOMIC SYMBOL WITH THE LETTERS Sn, BECAUSE</div> <div> THE POSTAL UNION USES Sn TO REPRESENT SENEGAL</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 15 WIDTH="427"><div> <A HREF="tin_tinine_data_m.htm" TITLE="TIN TININE"><U>BACK TO TOP</U></A></div> </tD> </tR> </TABLE></div> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> </td> </tr></table></body>