HAFNIUM - HAFNION

<body topmargin=0 leftmargin=0 marginheight=0 marginwidth=0> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0><tr> <td valign="top" colspan=2 height=58 BGCOLOR="#006699" TEXT="#080000"> <div> <B> <TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="725" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="BOX" RULES="ALL" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 29 WIDTH="723"><div> <B>   </B> <A HREF="index.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="ATOMIC ELEMENTS"><U>TO THE PERIODIC TABLE</U></A>      <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><B>ATOMIC ELEMENTS</B></FONT></div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 14 ><NOBR><div> <A HREF="group_6.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE=" GROUP 6"><U> GROUP 6</U></A>   |   <A HREF="titanium_titanion_data.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="TITANIUM TITANION"><U>TITANIUM - TITANION</U></A>   |   <A HREF="zirconium_zircion_data.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="ZIRCONIUM ZIRCION"><U>ZIRCONIUM- ZIRCION</U></A>   |   <A HREF="cerium_cerion_data.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="CERIUM CERION"><U>CERIUM - CERION</U></A>   |   <B>HAFNIUM - HAFNION</B></div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> </TABLE></B></div> <div> </div> </td> </tr><tr> <td valign="top" width=304 BGCOLOR="#FFCC66" TEXT="#080000"> <div> <IMG SRC="ce0c9040.gif" border=0 width="201" height="260" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <bR> <bR> <div> HAFNION</div> <div> HAFNIUM       HAFNIO</div> <div> GAFNIJ</div> </td> <td valign="top" height=422 BGCOLOR="#FFFFCC" TEXT="#080000"> <div> <B>HAFNIUM - HAFNION</B></div> <div> <B>A DUCTILE BRILLIANT SILVERY COLORED</B></div> <div> <B>RADIATION RESISTANT METAL</B></div> <div> <TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="6" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="421" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="BOX" RULES="ALL" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" BGCOLOR=#00FFFF > <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 94 ><NOBR><div> DENSITY</div> <div>          @ 20°C  =   2<B>.</B>69 gcc</div> <bR> <div> HARDNESS</div> <div> IN DURONS   =  2,302 dur</div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> MELTING </div> <div> TEMPERATURE  =  2,227°C</div> <bR> <div> BOILING  POINT</div> <div> TEMPERATURE  =  4,602°C</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> </TABLE></div> <div> <B> <TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="5" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="432" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="BOX" RULES="ALL" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 14 WIDTH="420"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="14" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="420" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP BGCOLOR=#FFCC99 HEIGHT= 200 ><NOBR><div> HAFNION</div> <div> IS A MIXTURE OF 6 DIFFERENT WEIGHT <A HREF="glossary.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="GLOSSARY"><U>ISOTOPES</U></A>,</div> <div> EACH ONE BONDS ABOUT 30° FROM THE NEXT.</div> <div>  THE LIGHTEST ISOTOPE IS FLAMMABLE </div> <div>  AT TEMPERATURES ABOVE +3°C</div> <div>  IT CAUSES PURE HAFNION TURNINGS & SCRAPINGS </div> <div> TO IGNITE AT TEMPERATURES ABOVE FREEZING.  </div> <div> HAFNION CAN BE MIXED WITH NON-FLAMMABLE METALS</div> <div> 1 PART HAFNION TO 30 PARTS OF NON-FLAMMABLE METALS</div> <div> TO REDUCE THE POSSIBILITY OF SPONTANIOUS COMBUSTION</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 14 WIDTH="420"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="14" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="420" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP BGCOLOR=#FFCC99 HEIGHT= 94 ><NOBR><div> HOWEVER,</div> <div> TWO OF THE HAFNION ISOTOPES ARE HEAT & RADIATION RESISTANT  </div> <div> AND ARE USED IN THE CONTROL RODS OF NUCLEAR REACTORS</div> <div> BECAUSE THEY RESIST HEAT & RADIATION,</div> <div> BETTER THAN OTHER METALS</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 14 WIDTH="420"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="14" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="420" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP BGCOLOR=#FFCC99 HEIGHT= 113 ><NOBR><div> IN THE USA, IT IS BEING STOCKPILED FOR FUTURE USE </div> <div> IN FUTURE, HEAVY WATER THERMO-NUCLEAR REACTORS.</div> <div> HOWEVER,THEY HAVE NOT SEPARATED OUT </div> <div> THE LIGHTEST HAFNION ISOTOPES, AND THEIR STOCKPILES,</div> <div> ARE NOW, BEGINNING TO OVERHEAT & CAUSE DESTRUCTION</div> <div> OF THE UNREFINED HAFNION.</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 14 WIDTH="420"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="14" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="420" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP BGCOLOR=#FFCC99 HEIGHT= 52 ><NOBR><div> HAFNION BROMIDE</div> <div> MADE OF THE LIGHTEST HAFNION ISOTOPE</div> <div> IS USED IN MANY TYPES OF BREAK RESISTANT GLASSWARE </div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 14 WIDTH="420"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="14" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="420" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP BGCOLOR=#FFCC99 HEIGHT= 34 ><NOBR><div> HAFNION FLORIDE</div> <div> IS USED IN RADIATION RESISTANT GLASS & PLASTIC VIEW PANELS </div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 14 WIDTH="420"><div>  <A NAME="hafnion_hazards"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP BGCOLOR=#FFCC99 HEIGHT= 213 ><NOBR><div> <B>NATURAL USES & HUMAN USE HAZARDS</B></div> <div> HAFNION COMPOUNDS <FONT SIZE="1" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >ARE USED BY EELS, MARLIN & WHALES</FONT></div> <div> <B>HUMAN USE HAZARDS</B></div> <div> HAFNION BROMIDE<FONT SIZE="1" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> HAS BEEN FOUND IN GLAUCOMIC TISSUE</div> <div> IN MANY WOMEN, WHO ATE PESTICIDED BITTER LETTUCES</div> <div> HAFNION CLORIDE<FONT SIZE="1" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> CLORIDE HAS BEEN FOUND IN BREAST CYSTS</div> <div> HAFNION NITRIDE<FONT SIZE="1" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> HAS BEEN FOUND IN ENLARGED PROSTATE GLANDS</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 14 WIDTH="420"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="14" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="420" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP BGCOLOR=#00FFFF HEIGHT= 37 ><NOBR><div> <B>SOURCES</B></div> <div> HAFNION EXISTS IN 12 DIFFERENT ZIRCION CONTAINING ORES</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 14 WIDTH="420"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="14" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="420" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP BGCOLOR=#00FFFF HEIGHT= 37 ><NOBR><div> <B>COSTS</B></div> <div> THE COST OF HAFNION IS $1.55 A GRAM OR $<B> </B>42 AN OUNCE</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> </TABLE></B></div> <bR> <div>                        <A HREF="hafnium_hafnion_data_m.htm" TITLE="HAFNIUM HAFNION"><U>BACK TO TOP</U></A></div> <bR> <bR> <bR> </td> </tr></table></body>